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selenium(python)基础操作

2017/06/03 selenium

使用pip安装selenium

使用pip安装

pip install selenium

chrome驱动安装

下载chrome驱动(需要翻墙)，记得选择对应的操作系统下载浏览器驱动（uname -a查看系统）

http://docs.seleniumhq.org/download/
或者
https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/

这里选择chromedriver_mac64.zip

  • chromedriver_linux32.zip
  • chromedriver_linux64.zip
  • chromedriver_mac64.zip
  • chromedriver_win32.zip

下载并解压chromedriver_mac64.zip压缩包之后将chromedriver移动到/usr/local/bin目录下

mv chromedriver /usr/local/bin/.

若只安装了selenium没有安装chromedriver会出现以下错误chromedriver executable needs to be in PATH

xiaocaideMacBook-Pro:demo1 xiaocai$ python hello.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "hello.py", line 3, in <module>
    dr = webdriver.Chrome()
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/chrome/webdriver.py", line 62, in __init__
    self.service.start()
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/common/service.py", line 81, in start
    os.path.basename(self.path), self.start_error_message)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'chromedriver' executable needs to be in PATH. Please see https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/home

简单的selenium脚本

创建一个hello.py文件，并执行它。

#!/user/bin/env python
# -*-coding:utf-8-*-

from selenium import webdriver
import time

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys('selenium')
driver.find_element_by_id('su').click()

# 需要等待页面元素加载完毕，否则会出现找不到元素
time.sleep(2)

# 嵌套查找
links = driver.find_element_by_id('content_left').find_elements_by_class_name('t')
for link in links:
    href  = link.find_element_by_tag_name('a').get_attribute('href')
    title = link.find_element_by_tag_name('a').text
    print title

print '----------------------'

# xpath查找
links = driver.find_elements_by_xpath('//div[@id=\'content_left\']/div/h3/a')
for link in links:
    print link.text

注意区分find_element和find_elements的使用差异，find_elements用于匹配多个元素，如find_element_by_tag_name('a') 和 find_elements_by_tag_name('a')

参考资料

selenium资料
https://www.gitbook.com/book/easonhan007/selenium-webdriver/details
selenium安装
http://blog.csdn.net/zxy987872674/article/details/53082896

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